Did the Big Bang make a lot of noise or not?

Answer

The answer is yes!

Sound is a disturbance that propagates in a medium that is compressible. The gas in the early universe had a great pressure and reasonable density, and so could allow the propagation of sound waves.

What were the malfunctions? Not so much the big bang itself, it was the same everywhere. But all kinds of small deviations from perfect equilibrium have arisen, and they have generated sound waves. We don’t hear it today, because the gas between the galaxies has become so thin that sound waves no longer react with it. But we see them! Namely as density differences in the cosmic microwave background radiation.

That cosmic background radiation is what remains today of the bright glow that caused the Big Bang. During the first 400 thousand years of our universe, this radiation strongly interacted with the gas, and so the radiation also suffered the effects of the sound waves. After 400 thousand years that interaction stopped, and since then the ‘sound’ of the universe, as it was after 400 thousand years, has been frozen in the increasingly cold background radiation. Strange but true.