the particle accelerator:How does it work? and it has to use magnifying equipment otherwise you can’t see these tiny particles and therefore not study them?

Answer

A) Accelerate a particle.
To this end, a force must be exerted on the particle for several seconds. This is done by appropriate electric fields, so that the moving – and accelerating – particle is accelerated further and further. So the particle must be electrically charged to undergo those fields. The particle must also retain that charge during the entire acceleration process: so only electrons, protons or sufficiently stable ions are eligible. The particles must not be slowed down, so they must move in a vacuum tube. Because charged particles are deflected in a magnetic field, they can be made to flow into a (virtually) circular tube and thus accelerate further with each passage: this gives the circular accelerators, such as in CERN. Rectilinear accelerators also exist, the largest 3 km long (Stanford, California)

B) Detect particle

It is a misconception that one can “see” those elementary particles as one sees a bacterium, through a microscope. In a microscope one can only see objects no smaller than the wavelength of light and elementary particles are a billion times smaller. They are therefore perceived indirectly, because their charge and great speed initiate a process that we can eventually see, or make visible via computer software on a computer screen. The particle accelerators are therefore surrounded by a battery of detectors to detect the presence, speed and direction of those charged particles.

You can see this on the CERN site:

http://www.google.be/images?client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&channel=s&hl=nl&q=CERN&um=1

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